Noteringar:

Lord i Argyll, Skottland 1154-1164, kung på Isle of Man 1158-1164.

Enligt en Y-kromosonundersökning vid Oxfords Universitet av geneticist Bryan Sykes har Somerled, grundaren av clanen MacDonald sannolikt sina rötter i Norge. Somerled anses vara en av Skottlands största krigare. Artikeln är publicerad 2003, se denna länk. (http://www.electricscotland.com/history/articles/norse.htm).

Somerled var den förste icke norske kungen eller lorden över the Isles, som hade styrts av norska hövdingar mellan 875 och 1140. The Isles omfattar Hebriderna och västra kusten av Skottland. Det antas att Harald Svartes son Gudröd Crovan äktade Ragnhild, dotter till Harald Hårdråde. Detta bekräftas vid att ett av Gudröd Crovans barnbarn (dotter av Olof Bitling) blev kallad Ragnhild; hon blev gift med Somerled av Argyll. (Fra Skanke-slektens historie, sid 10, G.V.C. Young, 1986)

Somerled Mac Gillabride, född före 1140. Grundare av dynastin Lords of the Isles. Han var son till Gillibride (Gilbert) och sonson till Gillaegammon, som grundade kungariket Argathelia (Argyll). Död i slaget vid Renfrew år 1164. Sumerled, Lord of Argyll; and this was the cause of the ruin of the whole kingdom of the Isles, for he had issue by her four sons, Dugald, Reginald, Angus and Olave. (The family records of the Bruces and the Cumyns' tryckt Kinnard, Falkirk, januari 1870)

Efter ett sjöslag år 1156 delades Söderöarna i två delar och Hebriderna bildade ett eget rike med Islay som centrum. (Nordisk Vikingaguide, sid 189, Lars G. Holmblad)

The grounds for this annulment were that Olaf had previously kept a first cousin of his wife as a concubine and was therefore, technically, committing incest. This seems an extremely nice distinction for mediaval Gaeldom, and the requel to this story probably explains the real motive. On being released from his first marriage to Lauon, a daughter of a nobleman in Kintyre, Olaf married Christina the daughter of Ferchar earl of Ross. Lauon's father is nowhere named in our sources, but it is likely that he was Ruaídrí son of Rognvald son of Somerled who ruled Kintyre in the early thirteenth century. Ruaídrí appears to have lost his lands, and perhaps his life, in the course of the Scottish king Alexander II's expedition(s) to the west in 1221 and/or 1222. Following its account of Olaf's marriage to Christina, the Chronicle tells us that Laon's sister, queen to king Rognvald, provoked Rognvald's son Godred into attacking his uncle Olaf. Despite initial discomfiture, Olaf, with the helf of earl Ferchar, overcame his nephew. This incident is dated to the year 1223. The dating would suggest that it was the collapse of Ruaídrí's position in Kintyre that led Olaf, now based in the North, to seek a more appropriate ally in Ferchar. If this interpretation of events is correct then we should see bishop Rognvald as the tool of Olaf's policy rather than as an officious reformer. It would be interesting to know whether the Mac Ruaídrís owed their later position of strength in Garmoran and the Long Island to Olaf's patronage." Her får vi interessante antydninger om slektstilhørighet for Lauon og hennes søster som føres tilbake til Somerled. Han var gift med Ragnhild datter av Olav Gudrødson og Ingebjørg. Ingebjørg var igjen datter of Håkon, jarl på Orknøyene. (May Teistevoll, Norge)

In the year 1156, a naval battle was fought between Godred and Somerled, during the night of the Epiphany of our Lord, with great slaughter on both sides. But when day light came they made peace, and shared between them the kingdom of the Isles, and from that day to this the kingdom has remained divided. Thus was the kingdom of the Isles ruined from the time the sons of Somerled got possession of it.

In the year 1158, Somerled came to Man with fifty-three ships, gave battle to Godred, put him to flight, plundered the whole island, and retired. But Godred crossed over to Norway, for the purpose of asking assistance against Somerled.

In the year 1192, there was a contest between the sons of Somerled, Reginald, and Angus, in which many were wounded and fell, but Angus gained the victory. In the same year, the abbey of St. Many of Rushen was removed to Pouglas. After remaining there four years the monks returned to Rushen.

In the year 1210, Angus, son of Somerled, was killed, with his three sons. In the same year, John, King of England, with a fleet of 50 ships, went to Ireland and subdued it. He sent a part of the army, with an earl of the name of Fulke, to Man. This force in fifteen days devastated nearly the whole island, and receiving hostages returned home. King Reginald, however, and his nobles were absent from Man at the time. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys). Bild: Karta över Skottland

Somerled gift Prinsessa Ragnhild OLAFSDATTER OF MAN 1140. Ragnhild (dotter till Kung Olof "Bitling" GUDRÖDSSON OF ISLE OF MAN och Ingeborg HÅKONSDATTER OF ORKNEY) föddes 1115 i Isle of Man, England; dog 1175 i Argyll, Skottland. [Familjeöversikt] [Familjediagram]

Noteringar:

Makthavare på Hebriderna och Argyll, Skottland.

Familj/Make/Maka: Okänd. [Familjeöversikt] [Familjediagram]

Noteringar:

Makthavare i Argyll, Skottland.

Noteringar:

Makthavare i Argyll, Skottland.

Noteringar:

Kung på the Isles 1164-1210 och Isle of Man, England.

Noteringar:

Drottning på Isle of Man, England.

But the wife of King Reginald, Queen of the Isles, pained by the separation of her sister from Olave, and moved by the gall of bitterness, and sower of all the discord between Reginald and Olave, wrote secretly in the name of King Reginald, to her son Godred, who was in the isle of Sky, to seize and kill Olave. Godred, on receipt of the letter, collected a force and went to Lewis for the purpose of carrying out, if he could, his mother's truly wicked desires. Olave, however, entering a small boat, with a few men, with difficulty avoided Godred, and fled to his father-in-law, the Earl of Ross, whilst Godred laid waste nearly the whole island, killed a few of the inhabitants, and returned home. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

At that time Reginald caused his brother Olave to marry Lanon' the daughter of a certain man of rank of Kintyre, sister to his own wife, and gave him the afore said island of Lewis, whether Olave, taking leave of his brother, went with his wife, amid dwelt there. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

Know you not that you lived long with the cousin of her whom you now have as your wife ? Olave did not deny the truth of what had been said, and acknowledged that he had long kept her cousin as a concubine. A synod therefore was assembled, and in it bishop Reginald canonically separated Olave the son of Godred and Lauon his wife. Afterwards, Olave married Christina, daughter of Fenquhard, Earl of Ross. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

The grounds for this annulment were that Olaf had previously kept a first cousin of his wife as a concubine and was therefore, technically, committing incest. This seems an extremely nice distinction for mediaval Gaeldom, and the requel to this story probably explains the real motive. On being released from his first marriage to Lauon, a daughter of a nobleman in Kintyre, Olaf married Christina the daughter of Ferchar earl of Ross. Lauon's father is nowhere named in our sources, but it is likely that he was Ruaídrí son of Rognvald son of Somerled who ruled Kintyre in the early thirteenth century. Ruaídrí appears to have lost his lands, and perhaps his life, in the course of the Scottish king Alexander II's expedition(s) to the west in 1221 and/or 1222. Following its account of Olaf's marriage to Christina, the Chronicle tells us that Laon's sister, queen to king Rognvald, provoked Rognvald's son Godred into attacking his uncle Olaf. Despite initial discomfiture, Olaf, with the helf of earl Ferchar, overcame his nephew. This incident is dated to the year 1223. The dating would suggest that it was the collapse of Ruaídrí's position in Kintyre that led Olaf, now based in the North, to seek a more appropriate ally in Ferchar. If this interpretation of events is correct then we should see bishop Rognvald as the tool of Olaf's policy rather than as an officious reformer. It would be interesting to know whether the Mac Ruaídrís owed their later position of strength in Garmoran and the Long Island to Olaf's patronage." Her får vi interessante antydninger om slektstilhørighet for Lauon og hennes søster som føres tilbake til Somerled. Han var gift med Ragnhild datter av Olav Gudrødson og Ingebjørg. Ingebjørg var igjen datter of Håkon, jarl på Orknøyene. (The diocese of Sudreyar i boken Ecclesia Nidrosiensis 1153-1537, Alex Woolf)

NN gift Ragnvald OF ISLE OF MAN 1186. Ragnvald (son till Olof "the Black" Gudrödsson OF ISLE OF MAN och Lawon OF KINTYRE) föddes 1165 i Isle of Man, England; dog 1229 i Isle of Man, England. [Familjeöversikt] [Familjediagram]

Noteringar:

Drottning på Isle of Man, England.

At that time Reginald caused his brother Olave to marry Lanon the daughter of a certain man of rank of Kintyre, sister to his own wife, and gave him the afore said island of Lewis, whether Olave, taking leave of his brother, went with his wife, amid dwelt there. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

Know you not that you lived long with the cousin of her whom you now have as your wife? Olave did not deny the truth of what had been said, and acknowledged that he had long kept her cousin as a concubine. A synod therefore was assembled, and in it bishop Reginald canonically separated Olave the son of Godred and Lauon his wife. Afterwards, Olave married Christina, daughter of Fenquhard, Earl of Ross. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

The grounds for this annulment were that Olaf had previously kept a first cousin of his wife as a concubine and was therefore, technically, committing incest. This seems an extremely nice distinction for mediaval Gaeldom, and the requel to this story probably explains the real motive. On being released from his first marriage to Lauon, a daughter of a nobleman in Kintyre, Olaf married Christina the daughter of Ferchar Earl of Ross. Lauon's father is nowhere named in our sources, but it is likely that he was Ruaídrí son of Rognvald son of Somerled who ruled Kintyre in the early thirteenth century. Ruaídrí appears to have lost his lands, and perhaps his life, in the course of the Scottish king Alexander II's expedition(s) to the west in 1221 and/or 1222. Following its account of Olaf's marriage to Christina, the Chronicle tells us that Laon's sister, queen to king Rognvald, provoked Rognvald's son Godred into attacking his uncle Olaf. Despite initial discomfiture, Olaf, with the helf of earl Ferchar, overcame his nephew. This incident is dated to the year 1223. The dating would suggest that it was the collapse of Ruaídrí's position in Kintyre that led Olaf, now based in the North, to seek a more appropriate ally in Ferchar. If this interpretation of events is correct then we should see bishop Rognvald as the tool of Olaf's policy rather than as an officious reformer. It would be interesting to know whether the Mac Ruaídrís owed their later position of strength in Garmoran and the Long Island to Olaf's patronage."
Her får vi interessante antydninger om slektstilhørighet for Lauon og hennes søster som føres tilbake til Somerled. Han var gift med Ragnhild datter av Olav Gudrødson og Ingebjørg. Ingebjørg var igjen datter of Håkon, jarl på Orknøyene. (May Teistevoll, Norge)

At that time Reginald caused his brother Olave to marry Lanon the daughter of a certain man of rank of Kintyre, sister to his own wife, and gave him the afore said island of Lewis, whether Olave, taking leave of his brother, went with his wife, amid dwelt there. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

Lawon gift Olof "the Black" Gudrödsson OF ISLE OF MAN 1215, och skildes 1220. Olof (son till Godred "the Black" Olofsson OF ISLE OF MAN och Finola MacLochliann OF IRELAND) föddes 1173 i Isle of Man, England; dog den 21 Maj 1237 i Isle of Man, England. [Familjeöversikt] [Familjediagram]

Noteringar:

Kung 1230 på Isle of Man, England.

Olaf (Svarte) and Godred (son of Reginald) arrived 1230 together in the Norwegian fleet, and immediately divided the kingdom between themselves. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys, notes 37)

Godred Don har varit kung på Isle of Man, och jag bedömer att han varit medregent 1230 till Olof II Gudrödsson, som var kung 1226-1237. (Directory of Royal Genealogical Data, Hull, England).

Familj/Make/Maka: Okänd. [Familjeöversikt] [Familjediagram]

Noteringar:

Kung på Isle of Man, England 1187-1226.

In the year 1187, on the 10th of November, Godred, King of the Isles, died in the Island of St. Patrick, in Man. In the beginning of the following summer his body was removed to the Island called lona. He left three sons, Reginald, Olave, and Ivan. Reginald, then a full grown young man, was absent in the Isles. Olave, yet a very young boy, resided in Man. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

Godred during his life had appointed Olave to succeed to the kingdom, for the inheritance belonged to him by right, because he was born of lawful wedlock; and had commanded all the people of Man to appoint Olave king after his own death, and preserve inviolate their oath of allegiance. How ever, after the death of Godred, the Manxmen sent their messengers to the Isles for Reginald, and made him king, be cause he was a man of energy and of riper age. For they dreaded the weakness of Olave, for he was but a boy ten years old, and they considered that a person, who on account of his tender age, knew not how to direct himself, would be wholly incapable of governing his subjects. This was the reason why the people of Man appointed Reginald king. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

A struggle took place between Reginald Godredson and Olaf Godredson II. Reginald elder, but declared illegitimate. Olaf, younger, claiming legitimate succession. (Frances Coakley)

In the year 1205, John de Courcy, recovering his strength, collected a large force, and was accompanied by Reginald, King of the Isles, with nearly one hundred ships, to Ulster. Putting into the port called Strangford, they laid siege, but carelessly, to the fort of Rath. Walter do Lacy came upon them with a large army, and totally routed them; aiid after that time John do Courcy never recovered his pos sessions. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

Reginald gave his brother Olave a certain island called Lewis, which is said to be more extensive than the other islands, but thinly peopled, because it is mountainous and rocky, and almost totally unfit for cultivation. The inhabitants live mostly by hunting and fishing. Olave took possession of this island and dwelt there; living, how ever, very scantily. Finding that the island could not support himself and his followers, he went frankly to his brother Reginald, who was then residing in the Isles, and spoke to him as follows: You know, my brother and king, that the kingdom of the Isles was mine by hereditary right, but as the Lord chose you for its governor, I do not grudge it you, nor am I discontented because you have been raised to the supreme dignity of king. I now therefore beg that you will allot me hand somewhere in the Isles sufficient for my own decent maintenance and that of my followers, for the island of Lewis which you gave me is unequal to my support. When Reginald had heard this, he promised to take advice on the subject, and return an answer to the petition next day. When next day had dawned, and Olave had conic by summons, to speak with the king, Reginald ordered him to be seized, bound, and carried in chains to William, King of Scotland, to be kept prisoner by that Sovereign. This order was executed, and Olave remained prisoner with the King of Scotland nearly seven years. In the seventh year, William, king of Scotland, died, and was succeeded by his son Alexander. Before his death, however, William gave directions for the liberation of all who were confined in his prisons. Olave then, having his chains removed, and being restored to liberty, went to Man to his brother Reginald, and shortly afterwards set out with a considerable attendance of men of rank for the shrine of St. James. Returning from the pilgrimage, he again visited his brother Reginald, by whom he was received in a friendly manner. At that time Reginald caused his brother Olave to marry Lanon' the daughter of a certain man of rank of Kintyre, sister to his own wife, and gave him the afore said island of Lewis, whether Olave, taking leave of his brother, went with his wife, amid dwelt there. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

A short time 1225 after this, Reginald received from the people of Man 100 merks under the pretence of going to the court of the Lord King of England, but he went to the court of Alan, Lord of Galloway. At the same time he gave his daughter in marriage to the son of Alan. When the Manxmen heard of this they were greatly incensed, and sending for Olave appointed him king. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys)

In 1228 Alan of Galloway invaded the Isle of Man and fought a sea-war against Norway in support of Reginald, Prince of Man, who was engaged in a fratricidal struggle with his brother Olaf for possession of the island. Alan died in 1234 and is buried at Dundrennan Abbey in Galloway. (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)

En dotter utan namn blev gift med Thomas av Galloway. (Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys, doc 55)

Ragnvald gift NN OF KINTYRE 1186. NN (dotter till Kenneth (Ruaídrí) OF ARGYLL) föddes 1170 i Kintyre, Skottland; dog 1230 i Isle of Man, England. [Familjeöversikt] [Familjediagram]

Ragnvald gift NN OF KINTYRE [Familjeöversikt] [Familjediagram]

Noteringar:

Den siste norske kungen på Isle of Man, England 1252-1265.